在沼氣提純的江湖中，膜分離、變壓吸附（PSA）和水洗法是當(dāng)之無愧的“三巨頭”。三者各懷絕技、各有所長，共同構(gòu)成了沼氣提純的技術(shù)版圖。2026年，這場“三國演義”正在上演新的篇章。

In the field of biogas purification, membrane separation, pressure swing adsorption (PSA), and water washing are undoubtedly the "three giants". The three have their own unique skills and strengths, together forming the technical map of biogas purification. In 2026, a new chapter is unfolding in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

膜分離——后起之秀，勢不可擋。 膜分離技術(shù)是近年來崛起的提純路線。它利用不同氣體分子在膜材料中滲透速率不同的原理，實(shí)現(xiàn)甲烷與二氧化碳的選擇性分離。膜技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢在于能耗低（單位能耗約0.3-0.4kWh/Nm?）、模塊化程度高、運(yùn)營維護(hù)簡便。2025年，膜分離法在新增項(xiàng)目中的占比達(dá)到47%，較2021年提升19個百分點(diǎn)。中國企業(yè)在膜材料國產(chǎn)化上取得突破，國產(chǎn)化率從2020年的18%提升至2025年的42%。膜技術(shù)作為一種、環(huán)保的分離技術(shù)，在沼氣提純領(lǐng)域展現(xiàn)出巨大的應(yīng)用潛力。

Membrane separation - a rising star, unstoppable. Membrane separation technology is the fastest rising purification route in recent years. It utilizes the principle that different gas molecules have different permeation rates in membrane materials to achieve selective separation of methane and carbon dioxide. The advantage of membrane technology lies in its low energy consumption (unit energy consumption of about 0.3-0.4 kWh/Nm)? ）High modularity and easy operation and maintenance. By 2025, the proportion of membrane separation method in new projects will reach 47%, an increase of 19 percentage points compared to 2021. Chinese companies have made breakthroughs in the localization of membrane materials, with the localization rate increasing from 18% in 2020 to 42% in 2025. Membrane technology, as an efficient and environmentally friendly separation technology, has shown great potential for application in the field of biogas purification.

PSA——老牌勁旅，穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打。 變壓吸附法是沼氣提純的傳統(tǒng)主流技術(shù)，利用吸附劑在不同壓力下對CO?和CH?吸附能力的差異實(shí)現(xiàn)分離。PSA技術(shù)成熟、可靠性高，在中小規(guī)模項(xiàng)目中應(yīng)用廣泛。但近年來其市場份額有所下降，2025年占比降至28%。不過，PSA并未“退場”——在中小型沼氣工程中，PSA仍是非常具性價比的選擇之一。維爾利集團(tuán)的代表項(xiàng)目采用“濕法脫硫+精脫硫+PSA提純”工藝路線，運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定、產(chǎn)品氣質(zhì)優(yōu)良。

PSA - a veteran powerhouse, steadily advancing. Pressure swing adsorption is a traditional mainstream technology for biogas purification, which utilizes the difference in adsorption capacity of adsorbents for CO and CH at different pressures to achieve separation. PSA technology is mature, highly reliable, and widely used in small and medium-sized projects. But in recent years, its market share has declined to 28% by 2025. However, PSA has not "retired" - in small and medium-sized biogas projects, PSA is still one of the most cost-effective choices. The benchmark project of Weili Group adopts the process route of "wet desulfurization+fine desulfurization+PSA purification", with stable operation and excellent product quality.

水洗法——老將不老，堅守陣地。 水洗法是非常早投入工業(yè)應(yīng)用的沼氣提純技術(shù)之一，利用甲烷和二氧化碳在水中溶解度的差異實(shí)現(xiàn)分離。水洗法的優(yōu)勢在于技術(shù)成熟、可同時去除CO?和H?S、甲烷回收率高。2025年水洗法仍保持約20%的市場份額。但水洗法需要大量工業(yè)用水，廢水需處理，設(shè)備存在腐蝕風(fēng)險，在一定程度上限制了其應(yīng)用范圍。

Washing method - the veteran is not old, hold the ground. The water washing method is one of the earliest industrial applications of biogas purification technology, which utilizes the difference in solubility between methane and carbon dioxide in water to achieve separation. The advantage of water washing method lies in its mature technology, the ability to simultaneously remove CO? And H? S, and high methane recovery rate. In 2025, the water washing method will still maintain a market share of about 20%. However, the water washing method requires a large amount of industrial water, wastewater treatment, and equipment corrosion risk, which to some extent limits its application scope.

“三巨頭”之外的新勢力。 化學(xué)吸收法（胺法）在水洗副產(chǎn)物的資源化利用方面取得突破。低溫分離技術(shù)也在特定場景中展現(xiàn)出潛力。更前沿的是，2026年1月，“沼氣全碳定向轉(zhuǎn)化制綠色甲醇關(guān)鍵技術(shù)與中試驗(yàn)證”項(xiàng)目千噸級中試裝置成功投運(yùn)，該技術(shù)通過混合重整造氣耦合催化加氫，可將沼氣中的甲烷和二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化為綠色甲醇，實(shí)現(xiàn)了碳資源的近100%轉(zhuǎn)化。

New forces outside of the 'Big Three'. Chemical absorption method (amine method) has made breakthroughs in the resource utilization of water washing by-products. Low temperature separation technology has also shown potential in specific scenarios. More cutting-edge is that in January 2026, the 1000 ton pilot plant of the "Key Technology and Pilot Test Certificate for Carbon Directed Conversion of Biogas to Green Methanol" project was successfully put into operation. This technology combines mixed reforming and catalytic hydrogenation to convert methane and carbon dioxide in biogas into green methanol, achieving nearly 100% conversion of carbon resources.

膜分離、PSA、水洗——“三巨頭”的競爭遠(yuǎn)未結(jié)束。在沼氣提純的賽道上，沒有“非常好”的技術(shù)，只有“非常匹配”的工況。正是這種多元技術(shù)的并存與競爭，推動著沼氣提純產(chǎn)業(yè)不斷向前奔跑，將越來越多的“廢氣”變成“綠氣”。

Membrane separation PSA、 The competition among the "three giants" in water washing is far from over. On the track of biogas purification, there is no "best" technology, only the "most suitable" working conditions. It is the coexistence and competition of diverse technologies that drive the biogas purification industry forward, turning more and more "waste gas" into "green gas".

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