垃圾填埋場、污水處理廠、養(yǎng)殖場、餐廚垃圾處理廠——這些城市和鄉(xiāng)村的“廢棄物集散地”，正在變成一座座“綠色氣田”。沼氣提純技術，正是從這些看似骯臟的廢棄物中“煉”出清潔天然氣的“魔法”。

Landfills, sewage treatment plants, livestock farms, and kitchen waste treatment plants - these urban and rural "waste distribution centers" are becoming "green gas fields". Biogas purification technology is the "magic" that "refines" clean natural gas from these seemingly dirty wastes.

沼氣提純，又稱生物質氣提純，是指從沼氣中去除二氧化碳、硫化氫、水蒸氣等雜質，以提高甲烷濃度的工藝過程，使其符合天然氣標準。該過程通常包括凈化（去除微量有害組分如H?S、H?O）和提純（脫除CO?）兩個步驟。經提純后的生物天然氣甲烷濃度可提升至97%以上，產品氣需符合《生物天然氣》（GB/T 41328-2022）等國家標準，可用于車用燃氣、管道天然氣、熱電聯產及化工原料等場景。

Biogas purification, also known as biomass gas purification, refers to the process of removing impurities such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and water vapor from biogas to increase methane concentration and make it meet natural gas standards. This process typically involves purification (removal of trace harmful components such as H2S, H2S)? O) There are two steps: purification (removing CO?). The methane concentration of purified biogas can be increased to over 97%. The product gas must comply with national standards such as "Bionatural Gas" (GB/T 41328-2022) and can be used in scenarios such as automotive gas, pipeline natural gas, cogeneration, and chemical raw materials.

沼氣提純的主流技術包括四大路線。水洗法技術成熟，可同時去除CO?和H?S，甲烷回收率高，但需大量工業(yè)用水，廢水需處理，設備存在腐蝕風險。變壓吸附法（PSA） 利用吸附劑在不同壓力下對氣體組分吸附能力的差異實現分離。膜分離法憑借低能耗（單位能耗約0.3-0.4kWh/Nm?）和模塊化優(yōu)勢，2025年全球新增裝機容量中占比首次超過50%，取代傳統(tǒng)PSA成為主流路線?；瘜W吸收法（如有機胺吸收）在水洗副產物的資源化利用方面取得突破。

The mainstream technologies for biogas purification include four major routes. The water washing method technology is mature and can simultaneously remove CO? And H? S, with high methane recovery rate. However, it requires a large amount of industrial water, wastewater treatment, and equipment corrosion risk. The pressure swing adsorption (PSA) method utilizes the difference in adsorption capacity of adsorbents for gas components at different pressures to achieve separation. Membrane separation method relies on low energy consumption (unit energy consumption of about 0.3-0.4 kWh/Nm)? ）With the advantage of modularity, the proportion of newly installed capacity worldwide will exceed 50% for the first time in 2025, replacing traditional PSA as the mainstream route. Chemical absorption methods, such as organic amine absorption, have made breakthroughs in the resource utilization of water washing by-products.

沼氣提純的技術路線選擇取決于項目規(guī)模和工況。水洗+PSA組合適合日處理量小于500方的場景，甲烷回收率穩(wěn)定在92.3%～94.7%。中空纖維膜分離對高濕、含硅氧烷沼氣適應性非常強。胺法吸收+低溫精餾只推薦給日處理大于2000方且已配套LNG儲罐的園區(qū)。值得關注的是，中國本土膜組件的國產化率已從2020年的18%提升至2025年的42%，顯著降低了項目單位投資成本。

The choice of technical route for biogas purification depends on the project scale and operating conditions. The combination of water washing and PSA is suitable for scenarios with a daily processing capacity of less than 500 cubic meters, and the methane recovery rate remains stable at 92.3% to 94.7%. Hollow fiber membrane separation has the strongest adaptability to high humidity and siloxane containing biogas. Amine absorption and low-temperature distillation are only recommended for parks with a daily processing capacity of over 2000 cubic meters and equipped with LNG storage tanks. It is worth noting that the localization rate of domestic membrane components in China has increased from 18% in 2020 to 42% in 2025, significantly reducing the unit investment cost of projects.

沼氣提純的產業(yè)實踐正在加速推進。維爾利集團在山東日照的生物天然氣代表項目，收集生活垃圾滲濾液處理過程中產生的沼氣約273萬立方米/年，采用“濕法脫硫+精脫硫+變壓吸附提純”工藝路線，產出高品質生物天然氣約203萬立方米/年，產品氣質優(yōu)于國家《天然氣》（GB17820-2018）二類標準，預計每年可減少碳排放約6800噸。從垃圾填埋場到城市燃氣管網，沼氣提純正在將“廢棄物”變成“綠色氣”，將“環(huán)境負擔”轉化為“能源資產”。

The industrial practice of biogas purification is accelerating. The Weili Group's benchmark project for bio natural gas in Rizhao, Shandong Province, collects approximately 2.73 million cubic meters of biogas generated during the treatment of domestic waste leachate. It adopts the process route of "wet desulfurization+fine desulfurization+pressure swing adsorption purification" to produce high-quality bio natural gas of approximately 2.03 million cubic meters per year. The product quality is superior to the national "Natural Gas" (GB17820-2018) Class II standard, and it is expected to reduce carbon emissions by about 6800 tons per year. From landfills to urban gas pipelines, biogas purification is turning "waste" into "green gas" and transforming "environmental burdens" into "energy assets".

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