生物脫硫(BDS)是指在常溫常壓的溫和反應(yīng)條件下，利用特殊需氧、厭氧微生物(菌種)的催化作用，在人為操作情況下將原料中的H2S或有機硫化合物轉(zhuǎn)化為元素硫或硫酸鹽的一種工藝過程。全球能源供應(yīng)日益緊張、排放標準也越來越嚴格，生物脫硫技術(shù)也被較廣應(yīng)用。目前，生物脫硫工藝的使用涉及煤炭、原油及成品油加工，廢氣處理廠，天然氣、地?zé)釟饧吧锶細鈨艋戎T多化石能源與新型能源領(lǐng)域，并在化工、造紙以及采礦等工業(yè)中被較廣使用，因此生物脫硫被譽為21世紀很有發(fā)展前景的新型脫硫工藝。生物脫硫產(chǎn)品包括：氧化鐵脫硫劑、二氧化硫脫硫劑、沼氣所用脫硫劑、煉油廠所用脫硫劑、羥基鐵脫硫劑、羥基鐵粉、粉狀活性炭、惰性瓷球、活性炭脫硫劑、氧化鋅脫硫劑、煙氣脫硫劑、高效錳鐵脫硫劑。生物脫硫產(chǎn)品較廣應(yīng)用于天然氣，油氣田，沼氣，煤化工，焦化廠，垃圾填埋場等含硫氣體的脫除。業(yè)內(nèi)常用的沼氣脫硫方法有：干法脫硫、濕法脫硫、生物法脫硫等幾種脫硫方法。黑龍江生物脫硫工藝介紹

Biological desulfurization (BDS) refers to a process that utilizes the catalytic action of special aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms (strains) under mild reaction conditions at room temperature and pressure to convert H2S or organic sulfur compounds in raw materials into elemental sulfur or sulfate under human operation. The global energy supply is becoming increasingly tight, and emission standards are becoming stricter. Biological desulfurization technology is also widely used. At present, the use of biological desulfurization technology involves coal, crude oil and refined oil processing, waste gas treatment plants, natural gas, geothermal gas and biogas purification, and many other fossil and new energy fields. It is widely used in industries such as chemical, papermaking and mining. Therefore, biological desulfurization is known as a promising new desulfurization technology in the 21st century. Biological desulfurization products include: iron oxide desulfurizer, sulfur dioxide desulfurizer, desulfurizer used in biogas, desulfurizer used in refineries, hydroxy iron desulfurizer, hydroxy iron powder, powdered activated carbon, inert ceramic balls, activated carbon desulfurizer, zinc oxide desulfurizer, flue gas desulfurizer, and high-efficiency manganese iron desulfurizer. Biological desulfurization products are widely used in the removal of sulfur-containing gases from natural gas, oil and gas fields, biogas, coal chemical industry, coking plants, landfills, and other sources. The commonly used biogas desulfurization methods in the industry include dry desulfurization, wet desulfurization, biological desulfurization, and several other desulfurization methods. Introduction to Heilongjiang Biodesulfurization Process

沼氣脫硫是選用化學(xué)法，它可以分為堿吸收、化學(xué)吸附、化學(xué)氧化以及高溫?zé)嵫趸葞追N辦法?；瘜W(xué)法脫硫運轉(zhuǎn)費用很高，首要原因是在運轉(zhuǎn)進程中需求很多的化學(xué)藥劑和較高的能耗，而且還會發(fā)生新的含硫化合物，假如得不到極好處置會發(fā)生新的環(huán)境污染。生物脫硫是代替化學(xué)脫硫的一種新技能，它可以在很多方面戰(zhàn)勝化學(xué)脫硫的缺乏。在生物脫硫進程中，觸及兩大類微生物，即光能自養(yǎng)型微生物和化能自養(yǎng)型微生物。這篇文章綜述了這兩大類微生物去掉沼氣中H2S的基本原理。湖南牛奶行業(yè)生物脫硫干法脫硫的特點：結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，使用方便。工作過程中無需人員值守，定期換料，一用一備，交替運行。

Biogas desulfurization is a chemical method, which can be divided into several methods such as alkali absorption, chemical adsorption, chemical oxidation, and high-temperature thermal oxidation. The operation cost of chemical desulfurization is very high, mainly due to the high demand for chemical agents and energy consumption during the operation process, as well as the generation of new sulfur-containing compounds. If not properly disposed of, new environmental pollution may occur. Biological desulfurization is a new skill that replaces chemical desulfurization and can overcome the lack of chemical desulfurization in many aspects. In the process of biological desulfurization, two major types of microorganisms are involved, namely photoautotrophic microorganisms and chemoautotrophic microorganisms. This article summarizes the basic principles of removing H2S from biogas by these two types of microorganisms. The characteristics of biological desulfurization dry desulfurization in Hunan milk industry are simple structure and convenient use. No personnel are required to be on duty during the work process, with regular material replacement, one in use and one backup, and alternate operation.

生物脫硫法與傳統(tǒng)的物理、化學(xué)脫硫法比較，后者能耗高、處理費用貴重，促進大家尋覓低能耗、高功率、經(jīng)濟而的處理辦法，生物脫硫技能則為這一范疇的研討和運用拓荒了新的方向。雖然生物脫硫技能具有誘人的工業(yè)運用遠景，但技能總體上仍是處于研討開發(fā)期間，現(xiàn)在依然面對很多應(yīng)戰(zhàn)，為該技能的迅速發(fā)展設(shè)置了屏障。研討人員一方面要尋求具有脫硫作用的菌種，研討它的脫硫作用，另一方面要運用生物技能和基因工程的有關(guān)常識來進步它的活性、穩(wěn)定性和選擇性，以求到達非常好的脫硫作用，完成沼氣去掉H2S技能的新打破。

Compared with traditional physical and chemical desulfurization methods, the latter has high energy consumption and expensive processing costs, which promotes the search for low-energy, high-power, and economical treatment methods. The technology of biological desulfurization has opened up new directions for research and application in this field. Although biological desulfurization technology has promising industrial applications, it is still in the stage of research and development, facing many challenges that have set barriers for its rapid development. On the one hand, researchers need to seek strains of bacteria with desulfurization capabilities and study their desulfurization effects. On the other hand, they need to use relevant knowledge of biological skills and genetic engineering to improve their activity, stability, and selectivity, in order to achieve very good desulfurization effects and complete a new breakthrough in the technology of removing H2S from biogas.

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